Shaft-shield.



H. 1. TYNAN.

SHAFT'SHIELD.

APPLRCATION FlLED DEC. I8 1914.`

1 ,l 53,467. Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

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. .t l@ MED STATES PATENT FFE.

HENRY J. TYNAN, 0F PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

SHAFT-SHIELD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. fa, 1915.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that l, lalnrurvv J. TYNAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,have invented `a new and useful mprovementin Shaft-Shields, of which thefollowing is a specification. l My invention relates to the shielding ofshafts, revolving or designed to be revolved, and its objects are: Toshield with approximate completeness, by means 0f a device low in'costand easily applied, those portions of shafts, revolving or designed tobe revolved, which are not in bearings or covered by pulleys or otherattached parts-thereby lessening greatly the danger of injury to personsworking in proximity to `revolving' shafts, making the shielded shaftsavailable as safe supports for workmen in the course of their vwork: orin case of accident or emergency, lessening the danger to and from beltswhich without my device frequently fall upon and wind about revolvingshafts, doing away with much waste of labor and material commonly causedby the winding about shafts of materials being used, manipulated, ormanufactured, and securing all other advantages which may accrue throughpreventing contact of persons or things with revolving shafts. I attainthese objects by means of the device illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing, in which- Figures 1 to 7v inclusive are end views of the tubeor sleeve A, hereinafter referred to as the sleeve A, which is designedto encircle, or approximately encircle, any shaft, revolving or designedto be revolved, and-to cover a portion of the length thereof; and theseend views, 1 to 7 inclusive, show seven of the many ways in which thesleeve A may be constructed or adapted to facilitate its being placed.in position upon, Vor removed from, the shaft; Fig. 8 is a frontelevation `of a length of line or counter shafting, to

several portions of which the sleeve A has been applied, with means forpreventing movement of the sleeve A; Fig. 9 is a front elevation of aportion of a machine, with the sleeve A in position upon the feed-shaftshown, and with several ways indicated in which the sleeve A may becaused to retain a practically unchanging position, without eitherrotation or lateral movement; and Fig. l() is an end view of the sameportion of a machine shown in Fig. 9.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The sleeve A is made with an internal diameter somewhat greater than thediameter of the shaft which it is'designed to approximately encircle.This makes it possible for the sleeve A to be held clear of the shaftwithin it, when this is desired and when a suitable holding device,capable of adjustment, is provided-thus obviating all friction betweenthe sleeve A and the shaft within it. I prefer, however, to make thesleeve A of cardboard or other material that is light, inexpensive, andeasily workedand to have it rest upon and be supported by or in contactwith the shaft within it; and the fact that the internal diameter of thesleeve A is greater than the diameter of the shaft then makes it certainthat the sleeve A will have contact with the shaft for only a small partof its circumference, the rest of the sleeve A hanging or being clear ofthe shaft. This small contact with the shaft of a Vmaterial such as thatindicated produces little friction; and I further reduce this frictionin most cases by treating the inner surface of the sleeve A, or by moreor less completely impregnating the sleeve A, with a preparation forlessening friction, such as the preparations commonly used in themanufacture of oilless bearings.

The sleeve A is not necessarily a round tube, but usually the tube formis most available, cheapest, and most satisfactory. The sleeve A, Fig.1, is a complete tube, which it is possible to apply economically onlywhen a shaft is free of all encumbrances, as when shafting is beingerected or when a machine is being built. The sleeve A, Fig. 2, is atube which has been split on one side lthroughout its length to permitof its being sprung over a shaft, The sleeve A, Fig. 3, is a tube whichhas been longitudinally bisected. rlhe sleeve A, Fig. 4C, is a tubewhich has been longitudinally bisected, the two halves being reunited atone side by a hinge or hinges while the longitudinal cut at the oppositeside remains open. The sleeve A, Fig. 5, is a tube which has been cutlongitudinally throughout its length at one extremity of its diameterand scored longitudinally throughout its length at the oppositeextremity of the same diameter. The sleeve A, Fig. 6, is a sleeve formedby placing two longitudinal tube sections one within the other. Thesleeve A, Fig. 7, is a sleeve which may be formed by shaping anysufliciently workable material into the form of a tube or sleeve.

In the forms shown in Figs. 2 to 5, inclusive, and in any similar forms,the sleeve A may readily be placed in position on any portion of a shaftwhichlies between bearings, or between pulleys, or between a bearing anda pulleyor other part attached to the shaft, or between a pulley and anyother part attached to the shaft; while in the forms shown in Figs. 6and 7, or in any similar forms, the sleeve A may be 'formed upon anyportion of a shaft such as the portions described. And in any of theforms shown in Figs. 2 to 7, inclusive, the sleeve A may, after beingplaced in position ona shaft, be made to have and retain practically theform of a complete tube or sleeve by being closed, or approximatelyclosed, at its open side or sides, and prevented from spreading, by theuse of clamps or clamp-clogs such as those later described herein, or bybeing in any other manner clamped, sewed, wired,l latched, glued,sealed, bound, tied, or otherwise fastened together.

In Fig. S the sleeve A is shown in use on line or counter shafting. Forthis use the sleeve A should be made of the. materials, and treated inthe manner, described hereinbefore as preferable; and, after the sleeveA has been placed in position on the shaft, any longitudinal opening oro penings which it has may be approximately closed, and prevented fromspreading, by springing over the sleeve A any simple clamp of wire or fthin flat steel, or by the use of strips of gummed tape, or in any oftheV other ways suggested in the preceding paragraph of thisspecification. The sleeve A may then be allowed to rotate loosely uponand with the shaft-for it touches the shaft in but a small part of itscircumference, makes an almost negligible amount of friction, and stopsreadily when any considerable weight comes upon it, such as the weightof a belt which has been thrown from a pulley, or when it is leanedagainst, rested upon, or grasped for support by a workman. I prefer,however, to have the sleeve A so held that it will not revolve with theshaft; and for this purpose have provided the means shown at B, Fig. 8,hereinafter referred to as the clamp-dog B. Theclamp-dog B is a clampapproximately encircling and gripping the sleeve A and having aprojecting arm which finds lodgment and thus stops further rotation ofthe sleeve A. In Fig. 8 one specimen of the clamp-dog B is shown ashaving found lodgment against the portion of the hanger N which is abovethe shaft, while a second specimen is shown as having found lodgmentagainst the bottom-most portion of the hanger M, below the shaft. A-third form, which is little more than a simple clamp approximatelyencircling the sleeve A, is shown in Fig. 8 as attached by a link ofwire or cord to the girder X-this connection of the clamp-dog B with afixed object, the girder X, likewise serving to stopV rotation of thesleeve A. Also, the clampdog B may be constructed on lines similar tothose which it has in Figs. 9 and 10, its. long projecting end stoppingrotation of the sleeve A by linding lodgment against some adjacent partof thel premises orequipment. In brief, the construction of theclamp-dog B may always be varied so that it will find lodgment against,or be connected with some available stationary object, thus stoppingrotation of theV sleeve A. Also, lodgment of the clamp-dog B against ashaft running parallel to the shaft E, Fig. 8, will accomplish the sameresult of stopping rotation of the sleeve A. `It is not always necessarythat the clamp-dog B shall grip'the sleeve Arby approximately encirclingit, but I have found -this to be a very satisfactory construction inmost cases; and the clamp-dog B when so constructed is not only usefulin preventing rotation of the sleeve A but also holds approximatelyclosed, or assists in holding approximately closed, any longitudinalopening or openings in the sleeve A. If the closing of such openings inthe sleeve A has been otherwise provided for, however, or if there areno such openings in the sleeve A, the clamp-dog B may grip the sleeve A,or be attached to it, in any that may seem preferable. On aline orcounter shaft it is not often necessary to make special provision forpreventing lateral movement of the sleeve A, which usually occupies thespace between a pulley and a' bearing, or between some other two fixedpoints on the shaft which prevent it from moving to any considerableextent laterally, as between the pulley C and the hanger N, F ig. `8but,when itis desirable on line or counter shafting to have theclamp-dogB prevent lateral movement of the sleeve A, this maybe accomplished inany one of the ways indicated in the construction and application of theclamp-dog B as shown in Figs. 9 and l0 and later described herein. j

The use of my device on line or counter shafting provides hithertounknown security to the worker whose duties require either constant oroccasional proximity to such shafting. His clothing cannot catch uponand wind about the shielded shaft; belts cannot wind about the shieldedshaft and strike or entangle him; he may leanV against or partially restupon the shielded shaft in safety; and in emergency Vhe'may throw hisarm over the shielded shaft, or claspl his hands about it, and hang fromit. Even if the sleeve A normally revolves with the shaft, any veryslight 'forceis suiiicient yto stop its rotation; and, whether thesleeve A is held from rotating by the clamp-dog B or not, in Vemergencyit is always stationary in the grasp of the workman, despite thecontinued revolving of the shaft within it. Serious accidents such asarenowjfrequently caused by revolving shafts may thus be avoided. 0n themachine a part of which is shown in Figs. 9 and'lO, threads: areinanipulated; and these threads very frequently fall upon the feed-shaftL, or upon some other shaft, and wind about it, causing much loss oftime, material, and production. Losses of this character occur to agreater or less extent on most machines which make or manipulatethreads-and my device may be used to great advantage on practically allof them, as well as on many machines making or manipulating othermaterials.

In Figs. 9 and 10 the clamp-dog B holds the sleeve A from opening orspreading, and prevents its rotation, in much the same manner as shownin Fig. 8 or describedin referring to Fig. 8; but in Figs. 9 and 10 theclamp-dog B assists also in preventing lateral movement of the sleeve A.Threads are especially likely to wind about the feedshaft L, Fig. 9,close to the feed-roller R- and for this reason it is desirable to havethe sleeve A held close to the feed-roller R. In order to so hold thesleeve A close against the feed-roller R, the clamp-dog B, Fig. 9, isdrawn along the sleeve A until vits projecting ends meet the upright G,which upright G may be any part of the machine or attachment thereto, orany upright adjacent to the machine, which it may be convenient to usefor the purpose. The sleeve A is thus held as snugly as may be desiredagainst the feed-roller Bi, which feed-roller prevents it from movinglaterally to the left while the clamp-dog B, through its Contact withthe upright G, prevents it from moving laterally to the right; and latthe same time the lodgment of the long end of the clamp-dog B againstthe horizontal Fprevents rotation of the sleeve A. The same result ofpreventing both rotation and lateral movement of the sleeve A may beachieved by having a fork such as the fork P in an end of the clamp-dogB straddle the upright G; or by having such a fork as the fork P engagethe pin S in the horizontal F; or by having an end of the clamp-dog Bset into the notch T in the horizontal F; or by making the clamp-dog Bwith an arm projecting in a direction approximately parallel to thefeedshaft L; or by following out the same idea in other ways. Thehorizontal F may be a part of the machine or some part of the premisesor equipment adjacent to the machine. The clamp-dog B is shown in Figs.9 and 10 as holding approximately closed a longitudinal opening in thesleeve A; but

when the sleeve A is a closed tube, or when the opening or openings havebeen closed in some other `of the ways suggested herein, a memberadapted to prevent rotation 'of the sleeve, or longitudinal movementthereof, or Ab oth, may be secured to the sleeve in any desired manner.Also the clamp-dogB may be so formed that it will prevent both rotationand lateral movement of the sleeve Aby lodgment only against the uprightGr, or by lodg- -ment only against the horizontal F-although as shown inFigs. 9 and l0 it is relying for its effectiveness partly on itslodgment against the upright Gr and partly on its lodgment against thehorizontal F. Also, rotation and lateral movement of the sleeve A may beprevented by using a link of Wire or cord to suitably connect theclamp-dog B, or the sleeve A itself, with any suitable adjacentstationary part of the machine, building or the like. The feed-shaft Lmay be any shaft, and the feed-roller R may be any bearing of any shaft,or any pulley or other part against which it may be desired to closelyhold the sleeve A.

I believe that my invention is new and useful because it supplies acheap and readily applicable shield to cover approximately the whole ofthe circumference of a shaft; because it may rest upon or be in contactwith a shaft when said shaft is revolving, thus making costly supportingstructures and delicate adjustments unnecessary; and because it providesa new safeguard, for men and materials, against dangers from which theyhave hitherto been protected inadequately or not at all.

I do not wish to limit myself to the specific constructions shown ordescribed of either the sleeve A or the clamp-dog B; or tothe particularcombinations shown or described of the sleeve A with the clamp-dog B; orto the particular combinations shown or described of the sleeve A andthe clampdog B with the shaft and with any objects used as lodgment forthe clamp-dog B in order to restrain the sleeve A; as such constructionsand such combinations are capable of many variations, and mustnecessarily ige much varied, to meet differing conditions;

I claiml. A sleeve adapted to be placed and to rest upon a rotatableshaft so that the sleeve and shaft may have relative rotative movement,and means applied to the sleeve to prevent it from turning with theshaft, substantially as set forth.

2. A sleeve adapted to be placed and to rest upon a rotatable shaft sothat the sleeve and shaft may have relative rotative movement, and meansapplied to the sleeve to hold it against turning and against lengthwiscmovement, substantially as set forth.

3. A sleeve adapted to be placed and to rest upon a rotatable shaft, andmeans pr0- adaptedto extend 'into ontact With a Stajeeting from saidsleeve and adapted to pretonary object and to therebyprevent rotal0 Yvent rotation thereof by contact with a station of the sleeve,substantially as set forth.

tonary object, substantially as set forth.

4. A sectional sleeve adapted to be placed and to rest upon a rotatableshaft, and a Witnesses: member comprising a clamp to clamp the 1.6M.TYNAN, sections of the sleeve together and an arm A. E. TYNAN.

HENRY J. TrNANq.

Copies of this patent may be obtained tor vevcen'ts each, by addressingthe Commissioner'of Patents, M \7\I.'=1.shingcon,` D. 13.,V

